WPM-A - AAHP Special Session: The System of Radiological Protection, Part 2 Centennial Ballroom 300A 14:30 - 17:30
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| Chair(s): Scott Schwahn, Christopher Clement
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WPM-A.1
14:30 State Perspectives on Changes to the System of Radiological Protection AE Leek*, CRCPD and Iowa DPH
; R McBurney, CRCPD
Abstract: The recommendations provided within the 2007 ICRP publication as well as those previously drafted within ICRP 26/30 and 60, make up the framework for many of the current radiation protection activities within the United States. The CRCPD supports implementation of these current radiation protection standards through our radiation protection programs across the states. State, territorial, and local entities have an important role in managing and regulating many of the situations in which radiation exposure can occur to include planned, emergency and existing situations. In addition, our member agencies are responsible for guiding the interpretation and application of justification and optimization principles for the majority of radiation-related activities within their jurisdictions. CRCPD and its membership depend upon the scientific-based recommendations from ICRP and the NCRP in our development of guidance for state, territorial, and local jurisdictions to use in an effort to promote consistency in radiation protection across the United States. CRCPD is poised to provide input as a stakeholder and ensure that any proposed changes to the System of Radiological Protection are evaluated with respect to how they may impact current regulatory structures and interpretations.
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WPM-A.2
14:45 ICRP Radiation Protection Recommendations Considered and Applied to DOE Order 458.1 and DOE-STD 1196-2021 CE Corredor*, Department of Energy
Abstract: The Department of Energy (DOE) has the mission of ensuring America’s security and prosperity by addressing its energy, environmental and nuclear challenges through advanced transformative science and technology solutions. In order to accomplish this mission, DOE must provide a safe environment for their workers and member of the public. Radiological protection and safety of occupational workers, the public and the environment falls within this mission and is one of the primary vital objectives from activities performed around the DOE complex. Since the creation of DOE through the Atomic Energy Act of 1946 (amended 1956) and the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, it has been imperative to apply the most current information on radiation protection from National and International recommendations. The DOE is constantly applying changes that reflect the current science and state of the art applications for radiological protection based on recommendations established by the U.S. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), and the International Council of Radiological Protection (ICRP). The ICRP recommendations are always considered in the development of DOE Orders, policies, standards, and guidance. The ICRPs applied to DOE O 458.1 Radiological Protection of the Public and the Environment and the accompanying Standard DOE-STD-1196-2021, Derived Concentration Technical Standard are the topic of this discussion.
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WPM-A.3
15:15 Medical Uses of Radiation and the System of Radiological Protection LT Dauer*, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Abstract: The use of radiation in medicine, specifically in diagnostic, interventional, and therapeutic procedures, continues to globally benefit hundreds of millions of people each year. The system of radiological protection in medicine needs to involve a careful recognition and facilitation of enhancing human health and welfare while appropriately addressing and managing radiation-related risks and challenges. Ten years ago, the IAEA organized the “International Conference on Radiation Protection in Medicine: Setting the Scene for the Next Decade” with the purpose of identifying and addressing issues arising in radiation protection in medicine. It resulted in the Bonn Call-for-Action, highlighting ten actions as being essential for strengthening of radiation protection in medicine: enhance the implementation of the principle of justification, enhance the implementation of the principle of optimization of protection and safety, strengthen manufacturers’ role in contributing to the overall safety regime, strengthen radiation protection education and training of health professionals, shape and promote a strategic research agenda for radiation protection in medicine, increase availability of improved global information on medical exposures and occupational exposures in medicine, improve prevention of medical radiation incidents and accidents, strengthen radiation safety culture in health care, foster an improved radiation benefit-risk-dialogue, and strengthen the implementation of safety requirements globally. Although progress has been made on several fronts, this action framework is still quite relevant today as new equipment and modalities are developed and novel/advanced therapeutic procedures are studied and eventually incorporated into standard-of-care practices. While the ethical foundations of general radiological protection are being more formalized, there is a need (and ongoing action) to formulate specific ethical frameworks and dialogue in medicine. In addition, the system of radiological protection should be re-evaluated as the era of personalized medicine (e.g., personalized dosimetry, personalized outcomes, personalized genetic evaluations) continues to develop with the onset of automated intelligence platforms, big data possibilities, and technological advancement.
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WPM-A.4
15:45 Accounting for Nonlinearity in Radiation Protection Brant Ulsh*, M.H. Chew Associates
Abstract: The linear, no-threshold (LNT) dose-response model underpins US and international radiation regulatory frameworks. In the decades since its adoption in the 1950s, the LNT model has been highly controversial, and evidence of nonlinearity (for example thresholds and hormesis) in biological responses to low, occupationally and environmentally relevant doses of radiation has continued to accumulate. Meanwhile, uncertainties and limits on statistical power of radiation epidemiology studies have prevented resolution of the dose-response relationship in the dose ranges we are most interested in. This presentation will discuss important questions such as: How can we accommodate this significant body of evidence of nonlinearity in our radiation protection philosophy? Which elements of the current regulatory framework still make sense? What improvements should we consider? What are the remaining holes in the evidence that we could focus on filling to improve radiation protection? How can we optimize real, observable radiation risks – which occur at high doses delivered at high dose-rates - against the benefits of technologies using radiation, like diagnostic medical imaging and nuclear power?
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WPM-A.5
16:15 Revisiting the Concepts of Reasonableness and Tolerability of Risk in the System of Radiological Protection: ICRP On-Going Reflections TL Schneider*, ICRP - CEPN
Abstract: The model of reasonableness and tolerability of radiological risk is a conceptual framework for the implementation of the ICRP principles, largely developed in ICRP Publication 60. More recently, ICRP Publication 101 described the approach to address the implementation of the optimisation process including the involvement of stakeholders and further considerations to be taken into account to elucidate what is reasonably achievable. With the Publication 138 on the ethical foundations of the system of radiological protection, specific attention has been devoted to the concepts of reasonableness and tolerability, calling for revisiting their meaning, role and practical implementation in the light of the core ethical values (beneficence and non-maleficence, prudence, justice and dignity) and procedural values (accountability, transparency and inclusiveness). In 2019, ICRP has set up a dedicated task group (TG114) to review the historical and current perspectives on reasonableness and tolerability in order to consolidate and clarify Publication 103, and to prepare the considerations and basis needed for development of future recommendations.
This presentation will address the following issues currently under investigation by the ICRP TG114:
• Rational for the application of the tolerability of risk in different exposure situations as well as the borders with unacceptable level of risks
• Comparison with the approaches adopted for managing other risks.
• Dynamics from tolerability to reasonableness in the process of implementation the radiological protection system,
• Deliberative process to be put in place with the stakeholders for evaluating “what is reasonable”, referring to good judgement, fairness, practicability and moderateness.
• Radiological criteria to be considered and their link with dose limits and reference levels, relying on the radiological detriment as benchmark without limiting to numerical criteria.
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WPM-A.6
16:45 Panel
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